One of the most striking and popular fish among saltwater aquarium hobbyists is the yellow surgeon, also known scientifically as the Zebrasoma flavescens. This beautiful animal, native to the Pacific, is especially common in the coastal waters of the hawaiian islands, Ryukyu and Mariana Islands. It is characterized by its bright, uniform yellow color, which makes it an eye-catcher in any aquarium.
Characteristics of the Yellow Surgeon
El yellow surgeon It has an elongated body, with a prominently elongated mouth that sticks out, giving it an exotic and sophisticated air. This species is also known for the retractable spine located at the base of its caudal fin, which can be raised or not depending on the will of the fish. This uniqueness is what gives it the name "surgeon", since these spines resemble scalpels. Although these spines are potentially dangerous, they are not normally used aggressively.
These fish can reach a size of up to 25 centimeters in their natural habitat, while in captivity they usually stay around 18 centimetres. In addition, they present a noticeable colour change at dusk, when their yellow hue fades slightly and a white stripe appears along their body, which happens as part of their natural resting process.
Differences between males and females
Although there are no noticeable differences in color or shape between the sexes, males are usually bigger than females. Males can reach sizes greater than 20-25 cm, while females remain smaller on average.
Natural Habitat of the Yellow Tang
El Zebrasoma flavescens It is found primarily in regions of the North Pacific, inhabiting shaded coral reefs and lagoons with little current. Its natural habitat ranges from shallow waters of 3 to 4 meters, to depths reaching 40 meters. Young fish commonly prefer protected areas of corals, while adults can be found in more open areas within reefs.
Coral reefs provide an abundant supply of algae, which is a key part of the yellow tang's diet. In captivity, it is important to replicate this natural environment as closely as possible to ensure their health and well-being.
Aquarium Conditions for the Yellow Tang
Although yellow surgeonfish are resistant and adapt well to life in captivity, they require specific conditions to thrive. Ideal conditions are of utmost importance to avoid stress and keep them healthy. The first thing to consider is the size of the aquarium.
Aquarium Size
The size of the aquarium is crucial. Being an active species that enjoys constant swimming, it is advisable to have a tank of at least 350 liters for a single specimen. If you want to keep more than one fish, or an aquarium with several types de peces, the ideal is a minimum volume of 500 litersThese fish are territorial, so a spacious tank will help prevent aggressive behavior toward other inhabitants. Make sure you also have enough room for the fish to find shelter at night.
Water Parameters
- Temperature: 23°C to 27°C.
- pH: between 8 and 8.5, with well-controlled alkalinity levels.
- Nitrates: should be kept at low levels, preferably below 20 mg/l.
It is essential monitor regularly water quality to maintain proper levels and a stable environment. Since saltwater aquariums are more delicate than freshwater ones, precise control of salinity, pH levels and temperature are key to avoiding disease or stress.
Aquarium Decoration
Replicate the natural environment of coral reefs with live rocks and structures that offer hiding places for the fish to feel safe. Although the yellow tang is not particularly dependent on corals, similar structures will allow it to explore the aquarium comfortably and naturally.
Behavior and Socialization
El territorial behavior Keeping yellow tangs can be a challenge in small aquariums. Although they are mostly peaceful, it is best not to combine multiple fish of the same species unless the aquarium is large enough. In tight spaces, they can become aggressive, especially towards other tangs.
To avoid conflicts, it is advisable to socialize them with fish of other species that do not occupy the same ecological niche. An adequate number of companions of other types de peces reef colonizers will help maintain harmony within the tank.
An interesting feature is the change in eye color Depending on their mood: when calm, their eyes remain clear, but in situations of stress or aggression, their eyes darken visibly.
Feeding of the Yellow Tang
The yellow surgeonfish is mainly herbivore, feeding primarily on algae. In an aquarium, it is crucial to maintain a diet rich in vegetables. Diet options include:
- Nori seaweed: These dried algae are popular with fish and provide necessary fiber.
- spirulina and vegetable flakes: suitable to complement your nutritional needs.
- Lettuce or spinach: although they are not part of their natural diet, they can offer them variety.
In addition to its plant-based diet, the yellow surgeonfish can also benefit from small amounts of protein, such as krill, brine shrimp o mysis live or frozen, which can supplement their diet from time to time.
Reproduction in Captivity
One of the most challenging aspects of yellow surgeonfish is their reproduction. In fact, captive breeding is extremely difficult and it was not until 2015 that it was first achieved. This is due to the complexity of accurately replicating their habitat and the conditions that induce reproduction in the wild.
Since most yellow tangs available on the market are wild-caught, it is important to ensure that any purchases are made from responsible suppliers who respect sustainability regulations. Uncontrolled harvesting can seriously harm the ecosystems where these fish live.
Common diseases
Like other marine fish, the yellow surgeonfish is susceptible to common reef aquarium diseases, such as IThis parasitic disease, also known as "white spot", can be treated using specific medications such as Paraguard o Cupramide, although it is important to avoid using copper if you have corals or invertebrates in the tank.
A general preventive method is strengthen the immune system of the fish through a nutrient-rich diet and the use of garlic in the feed. It is also essential to maintain excellent water quality and avoid stress to prevent the appearance of these types of diseases.
The yellow tang is a stunning addition to any saltwater aquarium. Although it requires specialized care due to the particularities of marine aquariums, its adaptability and hardiness make it an ideal choice for aquarists looking for a combination of beauty, dynamic behavior and the responsibility of caring for this beautiful marine creature.
A question that I sort of clarify then is a saltwater fish? : - \