Currently, there is a wide variety of aquarium types to suit the needs and tastes of any enthusiast. Whether you prefer an acrylic or glass aquarium, rectangular or circular shapes , or one built into a cabinet, the possibilities are practically endless. If you haven't found the type of aquarium that best suits you, don't worry: a little more searching, or having one custom-made, will surely meet your needs.
Different shapes of aquariums
The shape of the aquarium is not only a question of aesthetics, but also influences the well-being and health of the fish that live in it.
Spherical or round aquariums
Many people looking for a small aquarium often choose round or spherical aquariums due to their compact and eye-catching design, more commonly known as glass ball aquariums . However, despite their popularity, these aquariums are not ideal for fish.
In some countries, they are even prohibited for certain species for animal welfare reasons. For example, keeping goldfish in round aquariums has been shown to be harmful . These aquariums are often too small, making it difficult for the fish to swim and subjecting them to high levels of stress. Furthermore, they lack sufficient space for a proper water purification system, which can quickly lead to toxicity.
In nature, fish are accustomed to wide, angular environments such as rivers, seas and lakes, which do not feature circular shapes. By mimicking these conditions in a round aquarium, we are not replicating what fish encounter in their natural habitat.
Rectangular and cubic aquariums
Rectangular or cubic aquariums are much more popular among those seeking a healthier environment for their fish. This is because rectangular structures provide an environment much closer to the fish's natural habitat. They offer more swimming space and allow for the installation of all essential accessories such as filtration systems, heaters, and decorations.
In addition, rectangular aquariums allow for better oxygenation of the water, which improves the quality of life of the fish and reduces the chances of disease. They are generally easier to maintain and clean, and also allow for a greater number and variety of species to be kept.
Types of aquariums according to the environment
In addition to shapes, aquariums are classified based on the type of water and the environment they seek to recreate. Below, we explore the main types of aquariums based on environment.
Cold freshwater aquarium
As the name suggests, these aquariums contain fresh untempered water. It is not necessary to include heating systems, since the species de peces that inhabit it, like tents o goldfish, are adapted to colder waters.
It is recommended that these aquariums be species-specific. For example, a carp aquarium can include several varieties of goldfish, always respecting that the proportions of the tank are appropriate for their size, as these fish tend to grow considerably. It is also crucial to have an efficient filtration system, as it is often mistaken to think that coldwater aquariums do not need it.
- Recommended capacity: Between 50 and 200 liters.
- Ideal species: Goldfish, Koi.
Tropical freshwater aquarium
This type of aquarium requires a temperature between 24 and 28 degrees Celsius , so a suitable heating system is necessary. Within the world of tropical freshwater aquariums, there are several subcategories:
- Community Aquarium: Different species can be mixed as long as they are compatible. Examples include guppies, danios, or tetras.
- Single Species Aquarium: A single species is chosen, like the famous ones discs or golden carp.
- Biotope aquarium: This aquarium seeks to recreate a specific natural ecosystem, such as the Amazon biotope or Malawi Lake. Within this type of aquarium, all species de peces and plants must be native to that region.
Saltwater or reef aquarium
This type of aquarium is much more demanding in terms of equipment and maintenance. It requires precise control of salinity levels and advanced filtration infrastructure. However, saltwater aquariums also allow for the recreation of unique ecosystems teeming with corals , exotic fish , and other marine animals such as shrimp and crabs.
- Recommended capacity: From 100 liters.
- Ideal species: Clownfish, Gobies, Soft corals.
Aesthetic styles of aquariums
Today, aquarium aesthetics have evolved into a combination of aquascaping and aquatic landscaping . Several styles of planted aquariums allow enthusiasts to create stunning landscapes with aquatic plants, decorative gravel, and elaborate driftwood.
Dutch Aquarium
This is one of the most classic aquascaping styles. It's characterized by a high density of plants of different species , arranged in a way that creates a sense of depth. There are usually no main fish; instead, the plants take center stage. This type of aquarium requires a high level of maintenance, as it needs frequent pruning and careful lighting management to prevent uncontrolled algae growth.
Natural Aquarium or "Nature Aquarium"
Popularized by renowned photographer Takashi Amano, the natural style seeks to mimic natural landscapes, creating scenes such as hills, valleys, or mountains underwater. Plants and rocks are strategically placed to reflect the beauty of nature. This style often features few small fish and focuses more on creating a harmonious environment.
Iwagumi style
The Iwagumi style is another subgroup of aquascaping, originating in Japan. It focuses on the arrangement of rocks as key elements, accompanied by low-profile plants. This style is particularly minimalist and follows very strict rules regarding rock placement.
Considerations when choosing your aquarium
Choosing the right type of aquarium depends on several factors. The size of the space where it will be placed, the type of de peces or plants you want to house and the level of commitment you want to have with its maintenance.
- Available space: A large 200 or 300 litre aquarium requires more space, but also allows for a greater variety of species and is more stable in terms of water parameters.
- Level of Experience: Cold freshwater aquariums are ideal for beginners, while saltwater or reef aquariums are more suitable for experienced enthusiasts.
- Maintenance time: Planted and reef aquariums tend to be more delicate and require time for pruning, frequent water changes, and parameter monitoring.
Whatever your choice, aquarium types and aesthetic styles allow you to create a small aquatic ecosystem in your home that is as beautiful as it is functional. Always consider the well-being of the aquarium's inhabitants and plan every detail, from lighting to filtration system, to ensure a safe and healthy environment for your fish and plants.