The Tetra Penguin fish, whose scientific name is Thayeria boehlkei, are also commonly known as oblique tetras due to their characteristic inclined swimming shape. They belong to the family of the Characidae, and they are originally from South America, specifically from the rivers Amazon y Araguaia, between Brazil and Peru. Its natural habitat is the sweet waters and quiet with abundant vegetation, which provides them with a perfect environment in which to develop.
Size and physical characteristics
The Tetra Penguin fish They are small in size, reaching up to 6 cm in length, although in some cases they can reach up to 8 cm, depending on the conditions in which they are found. The body is elongated and stylized, of a silvery white with a distinctive black stripe running from the base of the caudal fin to the head, giving them a sleek and distinct appearance compared to other tetras.
One of the most curious characteristics of this species is its way of swimming in an inclined position. Instead of moving horizontally like most fish, the Penguin Tetra swim with its head slightly raised and its body forming an oblique angle of between 20st to 25st, which gives them a unique look.
Behavior and sociability
These fish are known for their peaceful and sociable natureThey prefer to live in groups, which is known as shoalsThey are not aggressive and are ideal companions for community tanks, as long as the other species share their calm temperament. If you are planning to include Penguin Tetra in your aquarium, keep in mind that it is advisable to have at least 6 to 7 copies so that they feel comfortable and safe working in a group, since the shoal fish They tend to interact better with others of their own species.
Within schools, it has been observed that dominant individuals tend to occupy central positions, where they are more protected, while less dominant individuals are located at the edges. This group behavior is a natural mechanism of protection and internal organization.
Aquarium conditions
For the Tetra Penguins In order for them to develop optimally in captivity, it is essential to replicate their natural habitat as best as possible. Below are some key parameters:
- Aquarium size: The aquarium should have a minimum of 50 cm long (ideally better if you have a tank between 60-80 liters) so that they have enough space to swim as a group.
- Water temperature: These fish require water with a temperature between 22ºC and 28ºC.
- pH of water: Ideally, the pH should be maintained between 5.8 and 7.5, with a preference for slightly acidic or neutral waters.
- Water hardness: The water should be soft, preferably between 5 and 10 DH, without exceeding 20.
In addition, the aquarium must be well planted with abundant vegetation, especially floating plants that filter the light, creating shaded areas that imitate their natural habitat. The ideal substrate is one sandy and dark, and it is important to leave open spaces so they can swim freely.
Meals
In their natural habitat, the Tetra Penguins They feed mainly on small insects and larvae. In captivity, it is important to provide them with a varied diet to keep them healthy and energetic. It is recommended to feed them with commercial foods in the form of high-quality flakes or pellets, preferably with a good vegetable content. It is also advisable to supplement their diet with live foods such as Artemia o mosquito larvae.
It is essential to remember that they tend to feed in the water surfaceAny debris that falls to the bottom must be removed properly to avoid water contamination, unless you have bottom fish to clean up the debris.
Reproduction
The reproduction of Tetra Penguins in an aquarium can be a challenge, although it is not impossible. For this, a separate aquarium with a size of approximately 30 to 40 liters. This aquarium must have plants in abundance and minimal lighting to reduce the risk of fungal formation on eggs.
The reproduction process includes several steps:
- Place one male and two females in the breeding tank. The females will release their eggs between the plants.
- Once the eggs have been laid, the adults should be removed to prevent them from eating the eggs.
- In about 24 hours, the eggs will hatch and the fry will begin to swim freely after 5 daysDuring this period, they should be fed with infusoria and brine shrimp nauplii.
The main difficulty is that they need very well controlled water (with a pH between 6.0-7.0), and the eggs and fry are very sensitive to light. It is also important to prevent the parents from staying with the offspring for too long, as they may end up eating the eggs.
Common diseases
Like other aquarium fish, Penguin Tetra can be affected by various enfermedades if proper water conditions are not maintained. One of the most common conditions in this species is White Point, a disease that usually arises when there are sudden changes in temperature or prolonged stress. They can also be affected by swim bladder infections, which can affect their ability to swim properly.
To prevent these diseases, it is essential to carry out regular water changes and maintain an efficient filtration system that helps maintain levels of nitrites, nitrites y ammonia under control.
El maintenance An optimal aquarium condition, along with proper feeding and a favorable social environment, will ensure that your Penguin Tetra live happy and healthy lives throughout their lifespan, which in captivity can be between 4 to 5 years.
The Tetra Penguins They are an excellent choice for any aquarium hobbyist, thanks to their beauty, tranquility and the possibility of living with different species, as long as their need to live in schools is respected and the appropriate conditions are maintained.