The pearl gourami fish, scientifically known as Trichogaster leeri, are one of the species of tropical fish most appreciated in the world of aquarium hobby. Their unique beauty, calm behavior and ease of care make them an ideal choice for both beginner aquarists as for experts. Originating in Southeast Asia, their maintenance requires certain specific conditions to ensure their well-being and longevity.
Physical Characteristics of the Pearl Gourami
El pearl gourami It has a laterally compressed body and an oval profile. In captivity, it can reach an average length of between 10 and 11 centimeters, although in large spaces and under optimal conditions it can exceed the 12 centimetersIts general coloration is a yellowish brown tone, decorated with a pattern of iridescent spots that emulate small PerlasIn addition, it has a black line that extends from the snout to the base of the caudal fin, giving it a unique contrast.
The ventral fins of the pearl gourami have transformed into elongated filaments that function as tactile organs. These "whiskers" are used to explore their surroundings and locate food. During the breeding season, males have more intense colors and a more pointed dorsal fin compared to females.
Habitat and Origin
Naturally distributed in Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Sumatra and Borneo, the pearl gourami It lives in ponds, slow-moving streams and flooded areas covered by dense vegetation. Its natural environments usually have soft waters and slightly acidic, which is key to replicating these conditions in the aquarium.
During the breeding season, it is common to see them swimming alone, although at other times they live in dispersed groups. This gregarious behavior is a factor to take into account if you decide to keep more than one specimen in your aquarium.
Aquarium Conditions
To ensure an optimal environment for the pearl gourami, it is essential to set up a Aquarius that meets certain specifications:
- Aquarium size: An aquarium of at least 70 liters It is essential for a pair of pearl gouramis, but if you want to keep a group, a tank of 1000 is recommended. 100 liters or more.
- Temperature: The ideal temperature ranges between 25 and 26 degrees centigrade, although they can tolerate ranges of 22 to 30 ° C. Uses a quality heater to keep the temperature stable.
- pH and water hardness: They prefer slightly acidic to neutral water, with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5.
- Filtered out: An efficient filtration system is essential to maintain water quality and a moderate flow that does not disturb its natural behavior.
- Decoration: It incorporates numerous floating plants such as Hydrocotyle leucocephala or the tiger lotus (nymphaea lotus). Also, include hiding places such as rocks and logs that provide them with security.
Pearl Gourami Feeding
These fish They are omnivores and have a varied diet that includes both live and dry foods. To keep them healthy and vibrantly colored, a balanced diet is recommended:
- Live foods: Daphnia, brine shrimp, mosquito larvae and small crustaceans.
- Frozen food: Frozen brine shrimp, bloodworms and daphnia are ideal to supplement their diet.
- Plant foods: You can offer them boiled and shredded spinach or lettuce occasionally.
- Dry food: Although they accept flakes and crumbled pellets, it is preferable to prioritize fresh or frozen foods for optimal development.
Reproduction in Captivity
The reproduction of the pearl gourami It is fascinating and relatively unpretentious under the right conditions. Males build bubble nests on the surface of the water, using floating plants for support. During courtship, the male intensifies his colours, displaying a bright reddish abdomen to attract the female.
The female lays hundreds of eggs in the nest, and the male is responsible for protecting them until the fry hatch, approximately 36 hours after laying. During this period, it is advisable to remove the female to avoid conflicts with the male.
Compatibility with Other Fish
The pearl gourami They are generally peaceful and can be kept with other calm species. However, avoid keeping them with aggressive fish such as bettas or species with biting fins such as tiger barbs. Some good companion options include:
- Bottom fish like the coolie or corydoras.
- Snails and shrimps, although the gouramis could feed on their young.
If you are planning a community aquarium, consider using an aquarium simulation tool to assess compatibility based on space and selected species.
El pearl gourami It combines beauty, ease of care and fascinating behaviour, making it one of the most prized jewels of the home aquarium. With the right conditions, you will not only enjoy its splendour, but you will also be able to observe its interesting reproduction and socialisation process.
I have a female pearl guarani and a Beta and some few seeds and it seems to me that the pearl does not eat well even though it is the largest, it is very slow when it comes to eating.