The underwater world is full of wonders, but it is also plagued by threats to many species. Among the most affected are fish, which are unfortunately in danger of extinction due to factors such as overfishing, the contamination and climate changeThroughout this article, we will explore in detail some of these species and the risks they face. We will also discuss actions that can be taken to preserve their existence.
Giant Catfish (Pangasianodon gigas)
El Giant Catfish, native to the Mekong River, has been declared endangered since May 1970. This spectacular fish, which can grow up to 3 meters long and heavy 300 kilos, has become one of the most emblematic species of freshwater rivers. However, its population has declined dramatically due to the construction of hydroelectric dams, particularly that of the Mekong in 1994, which brought about a reduction from 256 specimens to just 96.
La ecological importance The Giant Catfish's role lies in its contribution to the balance of river ecosystems. Despite conservation efforts, its habitat remains threatened by human activity. Hydroelectric projects and industrial pollution, in addition to hindering the natural migration of this species, have significantly affected its reproduction.
Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus)
El Whale shark, the largest fish in the world, reaches up to 12 meters in length. Although its appearance may be intimidating, it is a docile and migratory species that plays a vital role in the balance of marine ecosystems. Unfortunately, overfishing and illegal catching practices have contributed to a drastic decline in its population over the last decade. Despite the lack of exact figures, scientists agree that we are facing a crisis in its preservation.
The Whale Shark faces not only direct threats, such as fishing, but also indirect ones. Pollutants in the sea, such as plastics and harmful chemicals, seriously affect its health. In addition, the increase in irresponsible tourism, which includes dangerous approaches and the alteration of its habitat, contributes to its population crisis.
Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
El chinook salmon, also known as the “king of salmon” for its large size, has historically been central to indigenous cultures in the Pacific Northwest in the United States. However, its population has experienced a drastic decline. Recent studies show that, in 1998, only 5,000 of these salmon remained in the Snake River due to industrial activity, such as dam construction, and high rates of uncontrolled fishing.
One of the main reasons for their decline is the alteration of their spawning grounds. Chinook salmon need rivers with suitable currents y clean waters to reproduce, but pollution and urbanization projects have significantly reduced these areas. In addition, the climate change has caused river temperatures to be less favorable for their development.
Other Endangered Species
Many other species de peces face similar threats and are in danger of extinction. These include:
- Napoleon fish:This inhabitant of the Indo-Pacific reefs is a victim of illegal fishing, as its meat is highly sought after in Asian markets.
- Comb Sawfish: Known for its striking elongated snout, it lives in both fresh and salt water. This species has experienced a decline in 95% in its population due to indiscriminate capture and the destruction of its habitat.
- Red tuna:This migratory fish, prized for its meat, has been overexploited, leading to its inclusion on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
- Nassau grouper: Important for reef ecosystems, it has suffered a population decline due to the intensive fishing and the destruction of their natural environment.
It is imperative that conservation efforts include the protection of these species and the restoration of their habitats. Global initiatives, such as marine protected reserves and fishing regulations, are essential measures for their survival.
The human impact on aquatic ecosystems is undeniable, but we still have time to change course. Raising awareness of the importance of these fish and adopting sustainable practices can make a difference, ensuring the preservation of these species for future generations.