The depths off our coasts hide treasures that, although small, are vital to the marine balance, and the common seahorse is undoubtedly one of the most fascinating. Unfortunately, this little creature has had a very difficult time lately, seeing its populations decline due to factors we all know well, such as climate change and the deterioration of coastal ecosystems.
To try and turn this situation around, an alliance has been formed that promises to make waves in the scientific and conservation communities of the islands. This is the JANTO project, an initiative that brings together the Loro Parque Foundation and the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria with one clear objective: to restore this iconic species to its former glory in the archipelago.
A comprehensive diagnosis based on DNA
Before releasing specimens indiscriminately, scientists need to know exactly what we have here. Therefore, the first major phase of this project involves creating a very detailed genetic profile of the seahorses that still survive on the different islands. This is no easy task, as it entails conducting underwater sampling along the entire Canary Islands coastline to understand how these populations are connected.
This analysis will allow researchers to understand the species' diversity and, more importantly, ensure that any future conservation efforts maintain the genetic variability necessary for these animals to survive long-term. Without this data, any restocking efforts could be futile, making this DNA map the cornerstone of the entire operation.
The challenge of reproduction under expert care
While some scientists are at sea taking samples, others are at the Poema del Mar aquarium working on specific breeding protocols. The goal is to ensure that the seahorses are born and raised in a controlled environment that closely resembles their natural habitat, guaranteeing that the specimens are strong and healthy before being released into the wild.
It's not just about having a large number of offspring, but about ensuring that those born are genetically suitable. By maintaining such tight control over the process, a viable system for producing specimens to reinforce populations can be established , providing a lifeline for areas where the species is most threatened. It's a task requiring patience and great precision, demanding constant expert monitoring.
From tanks to the ocean: the trial by fire in Gran Canaria
Once the genetic data is available and the first breeding groups are ready, the moment everyone is waiting for will arrive: the release. The project includes a pilot repopulation effort in Gran Canaria , where habitats will be selected that offer the optimal conditions for these small fish to thrive without too many initial difficulties.
But be aware, the work doesn't end when the seahorse touches the water. After the release, scientific teams will monitor their seahorses through underwater visual surveys and constant observation . Only in this way can they assess whether the measures are truly working or if adjustments to the strategy are needed, ensuring that the money and effort invested yield the best possible results.
Relying on people to protect the sea
What makes the JANTO project different is that it doesn't remain confined to the laboratories. Those in charge understand that without societal involvement, protecting the sea is a losing battle. Therefore, they will organize workshops and activities for divers and fishermen, who know our seabed best, as well as working with schools so that young people learn to appreciate the biodiversity of the Canary Islands.
This multidisciplinary approach, supported by the Ministry for Ecological Transition and European FEDER funds, aims to be a restoration model that can be exported to other parts of the world. Lasting approximately two and a half years, this initiative seeks to ensure that the common seahorse ceases to be a rarity on our coasts and once again becomes part of the everyday landscape for those who love the ocean.
The combined efforts of scientific institutions and the support of the public are paving the way for the European seahorse (Hippocampus hippocampus) to overcome the threats it currently faces. Thanks to this deployment of genetic technology, expert breeding, and environmental awareness, the islands are positioning themselves at the forefront of the conservation of vulnerable marine species in Europe , laying the foundations for a future where the fauna of our coastline can recover with guarantees and security.
